CMP Cable vs LSZH Cable: Which One Should You Use?

We have received many requests asking for a comparison between CMP cables and LSZH jacketed cables. FS carries both cable technologies, and the purpose of this Tech-Tip is to explain some of the relevant details that could help you select the best for their application.

CMP and LSZH Ethernet Cable Introduction

Both cables are made with the latest technology available and are complex to produce, and prices are representative of this matter. CMP cables and LSZH cables design criteria center on people's safety in case of fire.

CMP Cables: Network Cables With Superior Fire-Resistant Properties

Let's start with CMP cables, also known as Plenum-rated cables. These cables are designed for use in Plenum spaces, which are enclosed areas that facilitate air circulation, such as air conditioning ducts, drop ceilings for air distribution, or raised floors. CMP cables with superior fire-resistant properties are constructed to limit flame spread to under 5 feet and produce minimal smoke during a fire. Additionally, the materials used in CMP cables are more self-extinguishing. Given their superior performance, CMP cables are generally more expensive than other types of cables. Take a closer look at the intricate details of CMP cable construction in the image below.

LSZH Cables: The Go-To Solution for Safe and Non-Toxic Networking

Next, let's talk about LSZH cables. LSZH stands for Low Smoke Zero Halogen. The jacket materials of these cables do not contain halogens like chlorine and fluorine. When these chemicals burn, they can release toxic substances that can cause severe harm or even death. LSZH cables produce very little smoke and do not emit the poisonous halogen gases mentioned earlier when they burn. They are generally less expensive than Plenum Ethernet cables and are widely used due to their safety features. For a deeper understanding of LSZH cables and their application advantages, you can refer to LSZH Bulk Cables: What Are They and the Application Advantages. The following image provides a detailed view of the composition of LSZH cables.

CMP Cable vs LSZH Cable: What's the Difference?

In terms of flame resistance and self-extinguishing properties, CMP cables are slightly superior to LSZH cables. While halogen-free Plenum Ethernet cables are available, from a personal safety perspective, LSZH jacketed cables for safe and non-toxic networking generally have an edge. The table below provides a brief comparison of CMP cable and LSZH cable.

Notes:

In the US and Canadian markets, the primary recognized flame retardancy ratings are CMP, CMR, and CM, which mainly test the cable's ignition point; smoke standards are secondary. In contrast, Europe believes that fatalities in major fires are primarily caused by smoke generation. Therefore, the European market puts more emphasis on LSZH materials, which have lower ignition point requirements but higher standards for smoke testing.

How to Choose Between CMP Cables and LSZH Cables

Selecting the appropriate Ethernet cable type is essential for ensuring safety and performance in your specific environment. CMP cables and LSZH Ethernet cables each have their ideal use cases, and understanding these can guide you in making the best choice.

When to Use CMP Cables

CMP cables are specifically designed for environments where stringent fire safety requirements are paramount. These cables are ideal for:

• Plenum Spaces: CMP cables are the preferred choice for areas like air ducts, drop ceilings, and raised floors. These spaces facilitate air circulation, and in the event of a fire, CMP cables help limit flame spread and produce minimal smoke, which is crucial for maintaining air quality and ensuring safety.

• High-Risk Environments: If your installation is in a location where the spread of fire and smoke could quickly endanger lives or sensitive equipment, such as in hospitals, schools, or office buildings, CMP cables are essential due to their superior flame retardancy and self-extinguishing properties.

• Regulatory Compliance in U.S. and Canada: In the U.S. and Canada, many commercial buildings are required by code to use CMP cables in Plenum spaces. Ensuring compliance with these regulations is critical for both safety and legal reasons.

When to Choose LSZH Cables

LSZH cables are designed for environments where minimizing toxic emissions is a priority. These cables are best suited for:

• Densely Occupied Areas: In spaces where people are densely packed, such as public transportation systems (subways, trains, airplanes), or high-density residential buildings, LSZH cables are ideal. They produce very little smoke and no halogen gases, significantly reducing the risk of toxic exposure during a fire.

• Data Centers and Equipment-Intensive Areas: LSZH cables are also preferred in data centers, telecommunications rooms, and other electronics-intensive environments where equipment could be damaged by corrosive smoke. The low-smoke, non-toxic properties of LSZH network cables help protect both people and sensitive electronic systems.

• Underground and Confined Spaces: For installations in underground tunnels or other confined spaces with poor ventilation, LSZH cables are recommended. These cables ensure that, in the event of a fire, harmful gases do not accumulate, providing a safer environment for evacuation and minimizing long-term damage.

• Regulatory Compliance in Europe and Asia: The European Union mandates LSZH Ethernet cables in public buildings and transportation systems under the Construction Products Regulation (CPR). Similarly, countries like Japan and South Korea enforce stringent requirements for LSZH jacketed cables in commercial and residential settings.

Conclusion

Choosing between CMP cable and LSZH cable hinges on your specific requirements. CMP Ethernet cables excel in fire resistance and are best suited for Plenum spaces. In contrast, LSZH Ethernet cables are ideal for minimizing toxic emissions. At FS, we provide both CMP cable and LSZH cable, and they meet all relevant certifications and industry standards for reliable quality.